current affairs today-28 JULY 2025 
. Which historic free trade agreement did India’s Union Cabinet approve on July 22, 2025?
A. India–EU FTA
B. India–UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)
C. India–Australia Trade Accord
D. India–USA Bilateral Trade Deal
Answer: B. India–UK CETA
2. What bilateral trade goal is projected under the India–UK CETA by 2030?
A. $60 billion
B. $80 billion
C. $100 billion
D. $120 billion
Answer: D. $120 billion
3. Which sectors in India are expected to benefit the most from the India–UK trade deal? current affairs today
A. Automobiles & pharma
B. Textiles, leather & footwear
C. IT services & mining
D. Energy & infrastructure
Answer: B. Textiles, leather & footwear
4. What initiative will the government launch to promote awareness of the new trade agreement?
A. One-time seminar
B. Digital campaign only
C. 500 outreach workshops
D. 1,000 outreach programmes
Answer: D. 1,000 outreach programmes
5. Who tendered resignation as Vice President of India in late July citing health reasons?
A. Venkaiah Naidu
B. Jagdeep Dhankhar
C. Hamid Ansari
D. Hamid Karzai
Answer: B. Jagdeep Dhankhar
6. What major earthquake relief operation did India launch in Myanmar in March–April 2025?
A. Operation Maitri
B. Operation Green Earth
C. Operation Brahma
D. Operation Dost
Answer: C. Operation Brahma
7. Approximately how many patients were treated by India under Operation Brahma?
A. 500
B. 1,370
C. 2,500
D. 4,000
Answer: C. 2,500
8. Where was the 17th BRICS Summit held in July 2025?
A. New Delhi
B. Johannesburg
C. Rio de Janeiro
D. Shanghai
Answer: C. Rio de Janeiro
9. Under which theme did India announce it will chair BRICS 2026? current affairs today
A. Sustainable Energy
B. Digital Economy
C. Strengthening Global South Cooperation and Inclusive Governance
D. South–South Development
Answer: C. Strengthening Global South Cooperation and Inclusive Governance
10. Which important global issue did the BRICS Summit highlight for governance?
A. Blockchain policy
B. AI governance
C. Cryptocurrency tax
D. Global education access
Answer: B. AI governance
11. On what date will the NASA‑ISRO NISAR satellite launch?
A. July 28
B. July 29
C. July 30
D. August 1
Answer: C. July 30, 2025
12. How often will NISAR capture global radar imaging?
A. Every 3 days
B. Every 12 days
C. Biweekly
D. Monthly
Answer: B. Every 12 days
13. Which impact will NISAR help monitor?
A. Earth’s magnetic storms
B. Crop yield estimates
C. Ice sheet and tectonic movements
D. Air quality over cities
Answer: C. Ice sheet and tectonic movements
14. Which festival caused a bank holiday in Sikkim on July 28, 2025? current affairs today
A. State foundation day
B. Drukpa Tshe‑zi
C. Independence Day
D. Losar
Answer: B. Drukpa Tshe‑zi
15. RBI Governor declared that India has “won the battle” against what?
A. Poverty
B. Inflation
C. Trade deficits
D. Currency volatility
Answer: B. Inflation
16. What was the RBI’s action in June regarding interest rates?
A. Increased 25 bps
B. Raised 50 bps
C. Cut 25 bps
D. Cut 50 bps
Answer: D. Cut 50 basis points
17. RBI’s policy stance after the rate cut is now described as:
A. Accommodative
B. Neutral
C. Hawkish
D. Expansionary
Answer: B. Neutral
18. What GDP growth rate has the Economic Survey forecasted for FY26?
A. 5.5%–6.0%
B. 6.3%–6.8%
C. 6.8%–7.2%
D. 7.0%–7.5%
Answer: B. 6.3%–6.8%
19. When did India reach 20% ethanol blending in petrol? current affairs today
A. July 2024
B. July 2025
C. March 2025
D. March 2026
Answer: B. July 2025
20. What was the name of India’s anti‑Naxal operation in April–May 2025? 
A. Operation Iron Fist
B. Operation Black Forest
C. Operation Kaveri
D. Operation Eagle
Answer: B. Operation Black Forest
21. Where did Operation Black Forest take place?
A. Odisha–Jharkhand border
B. Bihar–Jharkhand border
C. Chhattisgarh–Telangana border
D. Maharashtra–Chhattisgarh border
Answer: C. Chhattisgarh–Telangana border
22. How many Maoists were reported killed during the operation?
A. 4
B. 12
C. 31
D. 50
Answer: C. 31 (claimed by government; 4 confirmed)
23. Following the Pahalgam terror attack in April 2025, India took which diplomatic step against Pakistan?
A. Suspended Indus Waters Treaty
B. Opened new trade routes
C. Offered dialogue to Pakistan
D. Signed a new visa pact
Answer: A. Suspended Indus Waters Treaty
24. Which group claimed responsibility for the Pahalgam attack?
A. Jaish-e-Mohammed
B. Lashkar‑e‑Taiba affiliate “The Resistance Front”
C. Hizbul Mujahideen
D. ISIS‑K
Answer: B. The Resistance Front
25. What rare bird was spotted in Ladakh after 46 years?
A. Siberian Crane
B. Long-billed Bush Warbler
C. Greater Spotted Eagle
D. Himalayan Monal
Answer: B. Long-billed Bush Warbler
26. What new species resembling a panda was recently discovered in marine survey?
A. Clavelina ossipandae
B. Polka octopus
C. Spectral fish
D. Panda jellyfish
Answer: A. Clavelina ossipandae
27. Whose properties were raided by EOW due to alleged illegal gains?
A. Former MLAs in Bihar
B. Tribal welfare officer Jagdish Prasad Sarwate
C. IAS Officer in Odisha
D. MP from Jharkhand
Answer: B. Jagdish Prasad Sarwate
28. Value of assets seized so far in the Sarwate case?
A. Rs 2 crore
B. Rs 3.5 crore
C. Rs 6.5 crore
D. Rs 10 crore
Answer: C. Rs 6.5 crore
29. Which Act sparked countrywide protests over state control of religious endowments? current affairs today
A. Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025
B. Land Reform Act, 2025
C. Mission Integrity Act
D. Religious Property Act
Answer: A. Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025
30. Where were violent protests against the Waqf Act reported?
A. Kerala & Punjab & West Bengal
B. Delhi & Maharashtra
C. Rajasthan & Gujarat
D. Karnataka only
Answer: A. Kerala, Punjab, West Bengal
31. Who was appointed as RBI Central Board Director on 24 July, 2025?
A. Ajay Seth
B. Anuradha Thakur
C. M Nagaraju
D. Shaktikanta Das
Answer: B. Anuradha Thakur
32. Which other government nominee also joined RBI’s board around this period?
A. Secretary of Health
B. Secretary of Education
C. M Nagaraju (DFS Secretary)
D. Minister of Commerce
Answer: C. M Nagaraju (DFS Secretary)
33. India plans to double R&D spending and help capture 10% of global IPR in which next-gen sector?
A. AI
B. 6G Telecommunications
C. Green Hydrogen
D. Quantum Computing
Answer: B. 6G Telecommunications
34. What is the goal for 4G and 5G coverage in India by 2030?
A. 100% for both
B. 90% for 4G, 80% for 5G
C. 100% 4G, 90% 5G
D. 80% 4G, 70% 5G
Answer: C. 100% 4G, 90% 5G
35. How many tech startups does India aim to support under the telecom push?
A. 100
B. 250
C. 500
D. 1,000
Answer: C. 500 startups
36. What infrastructure target is included in telecom expansion plans?
A. 500,000 Public Wi-Fi spots
B. 1 million Public Wi-Fi spots
C. 200 million fiber connections
D. 10 million rural towers
Answer: B. 1 million Public Wi-Fi spots
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